WASHINGTON – The US central bank’s favoured measure of inflation edged lower on an annual basis in January, government data showed on Feb 29, but a metric stripping out volatile food and energy prices jumped month on month.

The new data highlights the challenges facing the United States Federal Reserve, which has recently poured cold water on the prospects of early rate cuts amid a strong economy, low unemployment and inflation that remains above its long-term target of 2 per cent.

The personal consumption expenditures (PCE) price index rose at an annual rate of 2.4 per cent in January, down 0.2 percentage point from December, the Department of Commerce said in a statement.

“The signal from the data remains that the economy continues to expand, and inflation is receding gradually,” Ms Rubeela Farooqi, chief US economist at High Frequency Economics, wrote in a note to clients.

Fed officials have been debating the right time to start lowering rates, which currently stand at a 23-year high of between 5.25 per cent and 5.5 per cent.

A number of officials have come out in recent weeks to suggest that the Fed can afford to be patient before it begins cutting rates.

“I still expect it will be appropriate some time (in 2024) to begin easing monetary policy, but the start of policy easing and number of rate cuts will depend on the incoming data,” Fed governor Christopher Waller told a conference in Minneapolis last week.

Core inflation rises

On a monthly level, headline PCE inflation rose by 0.3 per cent in January, slightly below market expectations, according to Briefing.com.

The closely watched “core inflation” measure, which strips out volatile food and energy costs, also eased, rising by 2.8 per cent on an annual basis.

However, core PCE increased by 0.4 per cent from a month earlier, indicating an uptick in underlying inflation from December to January.

The rise is likely to keep up the pressure on the Fed to ensure that any fall in inflation is more widespread before it starts reducing interest rates.

“Fed officials will remain patient and wait for more data that confirms that inflation is moving sustainably towards target,” Ms Farooqi said.

There was also a sharp increase in personal income, which jumped by 1 per cent in January after increasing by just 0.3 per cent in December.

The move “primarily reflected increases in government social benefits, personal income receipts on assets, and compensation”, the Commerce Department said.

The personal savings rate, which measures how much people save as a percentage of their disposable income, ticked higher to 3.8 per cent in January from 3.7 per cent a month earlier.

The slight increase stands in stark contrast to a sharp drop between November and December, and suggests that consumers are beginning to rebuild their financial buffers. AFP