How bad are ultra-processed foods, really?

They are clearly linked to poor health, but scientists are only beginning to understand why

In a study, those on an ultra-processed diet for two weeks gained an average of 1kg and consumed about 500 calories more per day. PHOTO: UNSPLASH
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In the mid-1990s, Professor Carlos Monteiro, a nutritional public health researcher in Brazil, noticed something alarming: Obesity rates among children in his country were rising rapidly.

To understand why, he and his colleagues at the University of Sao Paulo scrutinised data on the food buying patterns of Brazilian households to see if they had changed in recent years.

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